Concept List¶

These are the 253 concepts in the learning graph for From Neuron to Bedside. Each number is the concept's ID in the learning graph CSV. The Category column gives each concept's category code from the concept taxonomy.

Chapter 1: Neurons, Glia, and the Nervous System¶

ID	Concept	Category
1	Cell Membrane	`FOUND`
2	Ion	`FOUND`
3	Protein	`FOUND`
4	Concentration Gradient	`FOUND`
5	Nervous System	`CELL`
6	Central Nervous System	`CELL`
7	Peripheral Nervous System	`CELL`
8	Neuron	`CELL`
9	Dendrite	`CELL`
10	Cell Body (Soma)	`CELL`
11	Axon	`CELL`
12	Axon Terminal	`CELL`
13	Myelin Sheath	`CELL`
14	Node of Ranvier	`CELL`
15	Glial Cell	`CELL`
16	Astrocyte	`CELL`
17	Oligodendrocyte	`CELL`
18	Schwann Cell	`CELL`
19	Microglia	`CELL`
20	Sensory Neuron	`CELL`
21	Motor Neuron	`CELL`
22	Interneuron	`CELL`
23	Blood-Brain Barrier	`CELL`
24	Multiple Sclerosis	`DIS`

Chapter 2: The Action Potential¶

ID	Concept	Category
25	Membrane Potential	`SIG`
26	Resting Potential	`SIG`
27	Sodium-Potassium Pump	`SIG`
28	Ion Channel	`SIG`
29	Voltage-Gated Channel	`SIG`
30	Depolarization	`SIG`
31	Repolarization	`SIG`
32	Hyperpolarization	`SIG`
33	Threshold	`SIG`
34	Action Potential	`SIG`
35	All-or-None Principle	`SIG`
36	Refractory Period	`SIG`
37	Saltatory Conduction	`SIG`
38	Conduction Velocity	`SIG`
39	Firing Rate Coding	`SIG`
40	Local Anesthetic	`CLIN`
41	Neurotoxin	`SIG`

Chapter 3: Synapses and Neurotransmitters¶

ID	Concept	Category
42	Synapse	`SIG`
43	Chemical Synapse	`SIG`
44	Electrical Synapse	`SIG`
45	Synaptic Vesicle	`SIG`
46	Neurotransmitter	`SIG`
47	Receptor	`SIG`
48	Ionotropic Receptor	`SIG`
49	Metabotropic Receptor	`SIG`
50	Excitatory Postsynaptic Pot.	`SIG`
51	Inhibitory Postsynaptic Pot.	`SIG`
52	Synaptic Integration	`SIG`
53	Reuptake	`SIG`
54	Glutamate	`SIG`
55	GABA	`SIG`
56	Acetylcholine	`SIG`
57	Dopamine	`SIG`
58	Serotonin	`SIG`
59	Norepinephrine	`SIG`
60	Neuromuscular Junction	`SIG`
61	Agonist and Antagonist	`SIG`
62	Myasthenia Gravis	`DIS`

Chapter 4: A Tour of the Brain¶

ID	Concept	Category
63	Anatomical Directions	`ANAT`
64	Brain Planes and Sections	`ANAT`
65	Gray Matter	`ANAT`
66	White Matter	`ANAT`
67	Cerebral Cortex	`ANAT`
68	Frontal Lobe	`ANAT`
69	Parietal Lobe	`ANAT`
70	Temporal Lobe	`ANAT`
71	Occipital Lobe	`ANAT`
72	Corpus Callosum	`ANAT`
73	Thalamus	`ANAT`
74	Hypothalamus	`ANAT`
75	Brainstem	`ANAT`
76	Cerebellum	`ANAT`
77	Spinal Cord	`ANAT`
78	Cranial Nerves	`ANAT`
79	Ventricles and CSF	`ANAT`
80	Meninges	`ANAT`
81	Cerebral Blood Supply	`ANAT`
82	Autonomic Nervous System	`ANAT`
83	Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic	`ANAT`
84	Localization of Function	`ANAT`
85	Prefrontal Cortex	`ANAT`

Chapter 5: Vision¶

ID	Concept	Category
86	Sensory Transduction	`SENS`
87	Eye and Retina	`SENS`
88	Photoreceptor	`SENS`
89	Rods and Cones	`SENS`
90	Color Vision	`SENS`
91	Optic Nerve	`SENS`
92	Optic Chiasm	`SENS`
93	Visual Pathway	`SENS`
94	Primary Visual Cortex	`SENS`
95	Receptive Field	`SENS`
96	Visual Field	`SENS`
97	Visual Field Defect	`CLIN`
98	Ventral and Dorsal Streams	`SENS`
99	Pituitary Tumor	`DIS`

Chapter 6: Hearing, Touch, Taste, Smell, and Pain¶

ID	Concept	Category
100	Cochlea and Hair Cells	`SENS`
101	Auditory Pathway	`SENS`
102	Vestibular System	`SENS`
103	Somatosensory System	`SENS`
104	Mechanoreceptor	`SENS`
105	Dermatome	`SENS`
106	Somatosensory Cortex	`SENS`
107	Homunculus	`SENS`
108	Olfaction	`SENS`
109	Gustation	`SENS`
110	Nociception	`SENS`
111	Pain Pathway	`SENS`
112	Gate Control Theory	`SENS`
113	Phantom Limb Pain	`DIS`
114	Proprioception	`SENS`

Chapter 7: Movement¶

ID	Concept	Category
115	Skeletal Muscle Contraction	`MOTOR`
116	Motor Unit	`MOTOR`
117	Reflex Arc	`MOTOR`
118	Stretch Reflex	`MOTOR`
119	Primary Motor Cortex	`MOTOR`
120	Corticospinal Tract	`MOTOR`
121	Upper vs Lower Motor Neuron	`MOTOR`
122	Basal Ganglia	`MOTOR`
123	Substantia Nigra	`MOTOR`
124	Direct and Indirect Pathways	`MOTOR`
125	Cerebellar Coordination	`MOTOR`
126	Motor Learning	`MOTOR`
127	Parkinson's Disease	`DIS`
128	Levodopa	`CLIN`
129	Deep Brain Stimulation	`CLIN`

Chapter 8: The Developing and Teenage Brain¶

ID	Concept	Category
130	Neural Tube	`DEV`
131	Neurogenesis	`DEV`
132	Neuronal Migration	`DEV`
133	Synaptogenesis	`DEV`
134	Synaptic Pruning	`DEV`
135	Myelination Over Time	`DEV`
136	Critical Period	`DEV`
137	Adolescent Brain	`DEV`
138	Prefrontal Maturation	`DEV`
139	Reward Sensitivity in Teens	`DEV`
140	Teratogen	`DEV`
141	Fetal Alcohol Spectrum	`DIS`
142	Nature and Nurture	`DEV`

Chapter 9: Learning, Memory, and Neuroplasticity¶

ID	Concept	Category
143	Learning	`COG`
144	Memory	`COG`
145	Short-Term Memory	`COG`
146	Working Memory	`COG`
147	Long-Term Memory	`COG`
148	Declarative Memory	`COG`
149	Procedural Memory	`COG`
150	Hippocampus	`COG`
151	Memory Consolidation	`COG`
152	Neuroplasticity	`COG`
153	Hebbian Learning	`COG`
154	Long-Term Potentiation	`COG`
155	Habituation and Sensitization	`COG`
156	Aplysia Model	`RES`
157	Amnesia	`DIS`
158	Patient H.M.	`RES`

Chapter 10: Sleep and Brain States¶

ID	Concept	Category
159	Consciousness	`STATE`
160	Circadian Rhythm	`STATE`
161	Suprachiasmatic Nucleus	`STATE`
162	Melatonin	`STATE`
163	Sleep Stages	`STATE`
164	NREM Sleep	`STATE`
165	REM Sleep	`STATE`
166	Electroencephalogram (EEG)	`CLIN`
167	Brain Waves	`STATE`
168	Sleep and Memory	`STATE`
169	Teen Sleep Needs	`STATE`
170	Sleep Deprivation	`STATE`
171	Narcolepsy	`DIS`
172	Orexin (Hypocretin)	`STATE`

Chapter 11: Emotion, Stress, and the Body¶

ID	Concept	Category
173	Emotion	`STATE`
174	Limbic System	`STATE`
175	Amygdala	`STATE`
176	Fear Conditioning	`STATE`
177	Stress Response	`STATE`
178	HPA Axis	`STATE`
179	Cortisol	`STATE`
180	Fight or Flight	`STATE`
181	Chronic Stress Effects	`STATE`
182	Emotion Regulation	`STATE`
183	Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder	`DIS`

Chapter 12: Language, Attention, and Decision-Making¶

ID	Concept	Category
184	Language Areas	`COG`
185	Broca's Area	`COG`
186	Wernicke's Area	`COG`
187	Aphasia	`DIS`
188	Hemispheric Lateralization	`COG`
189	Split-Brain Studies	`RES`
190	Attention	`COG`
191	Executive Function	`COG`
192	Decision-Making	`COG`
193	Reward Prediction Error	`COG`
194	Neglect Syndrome	`DIS`

Chapter 13: The Aging Brain and Neurodegeneration¶

ID	Concept	Category
195	Normal Brain Aging	`DEV`
196	Neurodegeneration	`DIS`
197	Protein Misfolding	`DIS`
198	Dementia	`DIS`
199	Alzheimer's Disease	`DIS`
200	Amyloid Plaque	`DIS`
201	Tau Tangle	`DIS`
202	Anti-Amyloid Antibody	`CLIN`
203	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	`DIS`
204	Huntington's Disease	`DIS`
205	Antisense Oligonucleotide	`CLIN`
206	Gene Therapy	`CLIN`
207	Biomarker	`CLIN`
208	Cognitive Reserve	`DEV`

Chapter 14: Brain Injury, Stroke, and Epilepsy¶

ID	Concept	Category
209	Traumatic Brain Injury	`DIS`
210	Concussion	`DIS`
211	Return-to-Learn and Play	`CLIN`
212	Chronic Traumatic Enceph.	`DIS`
213	Stroke	`DIS`
214	Ischemic Stroke	`DIS`
215	Hemorrhagic Stroke	`DIS`
216	BE-FAST Warning Signs	`CLIN`
217	Clot-Busting Treatment	`CLIN`
218	Seizure	`DIS`
219	Epilepsy	`DIS`
220	Seizure First Aid	`CLIN`
221	Spinal Cord Injury	`DIS`

Chapter 15: Psychiatric Disorders, Developmental Disorders, and Addiction¶

ID	Concept	Category
222	Mental Illness	`DIS`
223	Depression	`DIS`
224	Anxiety Disorders	`DIS`
225	Schizophrenia	`DIS`
226	Autism Spectrum Disorder	`DIS`
227	ADHD	`DIS`
228	Psychiatric Medication	`CLIN`
229	Reward Pathway	`STATE`
230	Addiction	`DIS`
231	Tolerance and Withdrawal	`DIS`
232	Nicotine and Vaping	`DIS`
233	Opioids	`DIS`
234	Naloxone	`CLIN`
235	Stigma and Treatment Access	`DIS`

Chapter 16: How Doctors Examine the Brain¶

ID	Concept	Category
236	Neurological Exam	`CLIN`
237	Mental Status Exam	`CLIN`
238	Cranial Nerve Exam	`CLIN`
239	Reflex Testing	`CLIN`
240	Lesion Localization	`CLIN`
241	Computed Tomography (CT)	`CLIN`
242	Magnetic Resonance Imaging	`CLIN`
243	Functional MRI	`RES`
244	PET Scan	`CLIN`
245	Lumbar Puncture	`CLIN`
246	Differential Diagnosis	`CLIN`

Appendices: Research and Careers¶

ID	Concept	Category
247	Scientific Method in Neuro	`RES`
248	Animal Models	`RES`
249	Research Ethics	`RES`
250	Correlation vs Causation	`RES`
251	Brain-Computer Interface	`RES`
252	Neuroscience Careers	`RES`
253	Pre-Med Pathway	`RES`